Dragon Snake embodies the fusion of two powerful symbols: the sleek, sinuous body of a serpent, and the awe-inspiring features of a dragon. Its scales shimmer with an iridescent sheen, reflecting the colors of the world around it like a living prism. From its serpentine form rise formidable wings, spanning wide and carrying it effortlessly through the skies.

Legends describe the Dragon Snake as a guardian of hidden knowledge, dwelling in the most remote and inaccessible places of the world. Some say it coils around ancient temples, its presence imbuing these sacred sites with an air of mystique and protection. Others claim it slumbers in the depths of forgotten caverns, where it is said to have guarded treasures of unimaginable value for centuries untold.

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Habitat

Dragon snakes are semi-aquatic, so their enclosure should reflect this. A 20-gallon tank is suitable for a single adult. Provide a shallow water dish for soaking and a hiding spot.

Temperature and Lighting

Maintain a temperature gradient of 75-85°F (24-29°C) with a basking spot of 90°F (32°C). Use a UVB light to help with calcium absorption.

Feeding

Dragon snakes primarily eat fish and amphibians in the wild. In captivity, they can be fed fish, earthworms, and amphibians. Feed juveniles twice a week and adults once every 7-10 days.

Handling

Handle your dragon snake gently and infrequently to avoid stress.

Health

Keep an eye out for signs of illness such as loss of appetite, lethargy, or respiratory issues.

Species Summary

Dragon Snakes, also known by their scientific name Xenodermus javanicus, are a species of non-venomous snake native to Southeast Asia, primarily found in Indonesia and the Malay Peninsula. They are known for their striking appearance, characterized by their elongated, dragon-like head and small eyes.

Their body is cylindrical, with smooth scales, and they typically grow to around 60-80 centimeters in length. Dragon Snakes are nocturnal and primarily feed on small vertebrates, such as lizards, frogs, and small mammals.

They are relatively rare and are often sought after by reptile enthusiasts due to their unique appearance. Despite their dragon-like appearance, they are harmless to humans and are not considered a threat.

Appearance & Colors

Appearance:

• Long, serpentine body like a snake, but with the head of a dragon.
• Sharp, pointed horns protruding from its head.
• Glowing eyes, often with a slitted pupil like a cat.
• Scales cover its body, with a texture that resembles both dragon scales and snake scales.
• Large, powerful wings that allow it to fly, similar to those of a dragon.
• Long, sinuous tail ending in a sharp point.

Colors:

The scales can come in a variety of colors, including:

• Deep red
• Emerald green
• Royal blue
• Pitch black
• Metallic silver or gold

Often, the scales have iridescent or shimmering qualities, catching and reflecting light in mesmerizing ways.

The eyes may glow in colors such as red, yellow, or green, adding to its intimidating appearance.

Lifespan

The lifespan of a dragon snake in the wild is not precisely known, but it is estimated to be around 10 to 15 years. In captivity, with proper care, they may live slightly longer, sometimes up to 20 years or more. However, like many reptiles, their lifespan can be influenced by various factors such as diet, habitat, and general health.

Average Size

The average size of a dragon snake is around 60 to 70 centimeters (24 to 28 inches) in length, although some individuals may grow slightly larger, reaching up to 90 centimeters (35 inches) in length.

Dragon Snake Food & Diet

Dragon Snake Care

Substrate: Use a substrate that retains moisture well, such as cypress mulch or coconut fiber.

Temperature and Lighting: Provide a temperature gradient in the enclosure, with a basking spot around 85-88°F (29-31°C) and a cooler area around 75-80°F (24-27°C). Use a heat lamp or ceramic heat emitter to achieve these temperatures. A UVB light is not necessary for dragon snakes but can be beneficial.

Humidity: Maintain a humidity level of around 70-80%. This can be achieved by misting the enclosure daily and providing a large water bowl for soaking.

Feeding: Dragon snakes primarily eat fish in the wild, so their diet in captivity should consist mainly of small fish such as guppies, minnows, or goldfish. They may also eat earthworms and small amphibians. Feed adults every 7-10 days, and juveniles more frequently.

Handling: Dragon snakes are generally docile but may be nervous when first handled. Handle them gently and support their body to prevent stress.

Health Concerns: Watch out for signs of illness such as loss of appetite, lethargy, or respiratory issues. If you notice any of these signs, consult a reptile veterinarian.

Enclosure Size & Dimensions

The size and dimensions of a dragon snake enclosure should be large enough to accommodate the snake comfortably. For a single adult dragon snake, a terrarium that is at least 36 inches long, 18 inches wide, and 18 inches tall (90 cm x 45 cm x 45 cm) would be suitable.

However, bigger is always better when it comes to enclosure size, as it allows the snake more room to move around and explore. You should also provide multiple hiding spots, climbing branches, and a water dish large enough for the snake to soak in if it desires.

What To Put In Their Habitat

Substrate:

• Choose a substrate that holds humidity well, such as cypress mulch, coconut fiber, or sphagnum moss.
• The substrate should be deep enough for burrowing, as dragon snakes like to dig and hide.

Hideouts:

• Provide multiple hiding spots such as half logs, cork bark, or commercial reptile hides.
• Place hides on both the warm and cool ends of the enclosure to give the snake options for regulating its body temperature.

Water:

• Make sure the water dish is heavy and stable to prevent tipping.

Decorations:

• Add branches, vines, and fake plants for climbing and enrichment.
• Make sure all decorations are securely anchored to prevent them from falling and injuring the snake.

Cleaning and Maintenance:

• Change the substrate completely every 3-4 months or as needed.
• Clean and disinfect the water dish regularly.

Temperature & Lighting

• Temperature

Basking Area: Provide a basking spot with a temperature of around 90-95°F (32-35°C) during the day.

Cool Side: The cooler side of the enclosure should be around 75-80°F (24-27°C) during the day.

Night Temperature: Night temperatures can drop to around 70-75°F (21-24°C). You can achieve this by using a ceramic heat emitter or under-tank heating pad. Avoid using heat lamps at night, as they can disrupt the snake’s day-night cycle.

• Lighting

Daylight: Dragon snakes are not particularly sensitive to UVB light, but providing a regular day-night cycle is beneficial for their overall health. You can use a low-wattage UVB light or a regular daylight bulb to simulate daytime.

Night-Time: It’s essential to provide a period of darkness for your dragon snake. Use a low light, or if needed, a ceramic heat emitter to maintain nighttime temperatures without disturbing the snake’s natural day-night cycle.

Water

Water is one of the five elements in Chinese astrology, and it is associated with emotions, intuition, and the subconscious mind. People born under the Water element are typically sensitive, intuitive, and compassionate.

When you combine these three elements – the Dragon, the Snake, and Water – you get a combination that is powerful, intuitive, and emotionally intelligent. People born under this combination may be ambitious, yet also possess a deep understanding of human emotions and motivations. They are likely to be charismatic and persuasive, with a natural ability to lead and inspire others.

Dragon snakes are carnivorous reptiles and their diet mainly consists of small amphibians, fish, and invertebrates. In captivity, they can be fed a variety of live prey including small fish, tadpoles, earthworms, and small frogs. Some dragon snakes may also accept pre-killed prey items. Additionally, any food offered should be appropriately sized to prevent choking or other health issues.

Potential Health Issues

Respiratory Infections: Respiratory infections are common in reptiles and can be caused by inadequate humidity, poor ventilation, or exposure to cold temperatures.

Parasites: Internal and external parasites such as mites, ticks, and worms can affect dragon snakes. Regular check-ups by a reptile veterinarian can help detect and treat parasite infestations.

Metabolic Bone Disease (MBD): MBD is caused by a calcium deficiency and improper UVB lighting. It can lead to deformities, weakened bones, and even death if left untreated.

Dehydration: Dragon snakes need access to clean water at all times. Dehydration can lead to various health issues, including kidney problems and constipation.

Overheating: Inadequate temperature regulation in their enclosure can lead to overheating, which can cause stress, dehydration, and even death.

Behavior & Temperament

• Nocturnal: Dragon snakes are primarily nocturnal, meaning they are most active during the night.
• Secretive: They are secretive by nature and tend to hide during the day, often burrowing under leaf litter or hiding in crevices.
• Shy: Dragon snakes are generally shy and will often flee when approached or threatened.
• Defensive: When threatened, dragon snakes may flatten their bodies, hiss, and emit a foul-smelling musk as a defense mechanism. However, they are not aggressive and will usually try to escape rather than confront a threat.
•  Solitary: Dragon snakes are solitary animals and prefer to live alone.

Handling Them

• Identify the Species: Dragon snakes are not venomous, but they can be feisty. Knowing you’re dealing with a dragon snake is important.
• Approach Slowly and Calmly: Sudden movements may startle the snake. Approach it slowly and steadily.
• Use Proper Equipment: Use a snake hook or tongs to handle the snake. This keeps you at a safe distance and gives you control over the snake’s movements.
• Grip the Snake Properly: If you must handle the snake, do so gently but firmly, supporting its body and minimizing stress.
• Avoid Grabbing the Head: The head is the most dangerous part of the snake. Avoid grabbing it with your bare hands.